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readme.md

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+## FPGA有限状态机按键消抖
+### 1.有限状态机
+### 2.按键消抖

rtl/key_filter.v

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+//状态机消抖模块
+module key_filter #(parameter KEY_W = 4,DELAY = 1000_000)(//20ms
+    input                       sys_clk        ,
+    input                       sys_rst_n      ,
+    input       [KEY_W-1:0]     key_in        ,
+    output  reg [KEY_W-1:0]     key_out   
+);	
+    //状态机参数定义
+    localparam  IDLE        = 4'b0001,//初始状态
+                DOWN = 4'b0010,//滤除下降沿抖动
+                HOLD        = 4'b0100,//保持稳定状态
+                UP   = 4'b1000;//滤除上升沿抖动
+
+    //中间信号定义		 
+    reg		[19:0]	cnt     ;//计数20ms
+    wire		    add_cnt ;
+    wire		    end_cnt ;
+
+    reg     [3:0]   state_c ;//现态
+    reg     [3:0]   state_n ;//次态
+
+    reg     [KEY_W-1:0]     key_r0  ;//同步打拍寄存器
+    reg     [KEY_W-1:0]     key_r1  ;
+    reg     [KEY_W-1:0]     key_r2  ;
+
+    wire    [KEY_W-1:0]     nedge   ;//下降沿检测
+    wire    [KEY_W-1:0]     pedge   ;//上升沿检测
+
+    wire              idle2down;//状态机跳转条件
+    wire              down2idle;
+    wire              down2hold;
+    wire              hold2up  ;
+    wire              up2idle  ;
+
+    //状态机
+    always @(posedge sys_clk or negedge sys_rst_n)begin 
+        if(!sys_rst_n)begin
+            state_c <= IDLE;
+        end 
+        else begin 
+            state_c <= state_n;     
+        end 
+    end
+
+    always @(*)begin 
+        case (state_c)
+            IDLE       :begin
+                if(idle2down)
+                    state_n = DOWN;
+                else
+                    state_n = state_c;
+            end
+            DOWN :begin
+                if(down2idle)
+                    state_n = IDLE;
+                else if(down2hold)
+                    state_n = HOLD;
+                else
+                    state_n = state_c;
+            end
+            HOLD       :begin
+                if(hold2up)
+                    state_n = UP;
+                else
+                    state_n = state_c;
+            end
+            UP  :begin
+                if(up2idle)
+                    state_n = IDLE;
+                else
+                    state_n = state_c;
+            end
+            default:state_n = IDLE;
+        endcase 
+    end
+
+    assign idle2down = state_c == IDLE        && (nedge );//(nedge != 0)
+    assign down2idle = state_c == DOWN && (pedge );//(pedge != 0)
+    assign down2hold = state_c == DOWN && (end_cnt);// && pedge == 0;
+    assign hold2up   = state_c == HOLD        && (pedge );//(pedge != 0)
+    assign up2idle   = state_c == UP   && (end_cnt);
+
+    //计数器
+    always @(posedge sys_clk or negedge sys_rst_n)begin 
+        if(!sys_rst_n)begin
+            cnt <= 0;
+        end 
+        else if(add_cnt)begin 
+            if(end_cnt)begin 
+                cnt <= 0;
+            end
+            else begin 
+                cnt <= cnt + 1;
+            end 
+        end
+    end 
+    assign add_cnt = (state_c == DOWN) || (state_c == UP);
+    assign end_cnt = add_cnt && (cnt == DELAY-1 || down2idle);
+
+    //同步  打拍
+    always @(posedge sys_clk or negedge sys_rst_n)begin 
+        if(!sys_rst_n)begin
+            key_r0 <= {KEY_W{1'b1}};
+            key_r1 <= {KEY_W{1'b1}};
+            key_r2 <= {KEY_W{1'b1}};
+        end 
+        else begin 
+            key_r0 <= key_in;      //同步按键输入信号
+            key_r1 <= key_r0;   //打拍
+            key_r2 <= key_r1;   
+        end 
+    end
+    //r1当前状态，r2上一个状态
+    assign nedge =  ~key_r1 & key_r2;/*(~key_r1[0] & key_r2[0]) || (~key_r1[1] & key_r2[1]);*///两种写法都行
+    assign pedge =  key_r1 & ~key_r2;/*(key_r1[0] & ~key_r2[0]) || (key_r1[1] & ~key_r2[1]);*/
+
+    //key_down
+    always @(posedge sys_clk or negedge sys_rst_n)begin 
+        if(!sys_rst_n)begin
+            key_out <= 0;
+        end 
+        else if(down2hold)begin 
+            key_out <= ~key_r1; //~key_r2
+            //key_down <= down2hold?~key_r1:0;
+        end 
+        else begin 
+            key_out <= 0;    
+        end 
+    end
+
+endmodule

rtl/top.v

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+module top(
+    input  wire  sys_clk    ,
+    input  wire  sys_rst_n  ,
+    input  wire  key_in     ,
+
+    output reg   led
+);
+wire key_out;
+
+//异步复位，复位作用是对D触发器数据清零
+always @(posedge sys_clk or negedge sys_rst_n)begin
+    if(!sys_rst_n)begin
+        led <= 1'b0;
+    end 
+    else if(key_out)begin
+        led <= ~led;
+    end 
+    else begin
+        led <= led;
+    end 
+end 
+
+//同步复位，复位作用是对D触发器数据清零
+// always @(posedge sys_clk) begin
+    // if(!sys_rst_n)begin
+        // led <= 1'b0;
+    // end 
+    // else if(key_out)begin
+        // led <= ~led;
+    // end 
+    // else begin
+        // led <= led;
+    // end 
+// end 
+key_filter #(.KEY_W(1), .DELAY(1000_000))   key_filter_inst(//
+.sys_clk        (sys_clk),
+.sys_rst_n      (sys_rst_n),
+.key_in         (key_in),
+.key_out        (key_out)
+);	
+endmodule 

tcl/C4_pin.tcl

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+#引脚参数导入脚本
+#时钟、复位
+set_location_assignment PIN_E1 -to sys_clk
+set_location_assignment PIN_E15 -to sys_rst_n
+
+#UART
+#set_location_assignment PIN_M2 -to uart_rx
+#set_location_assignment PIN_G1 -to uart_tx
+
+#LED
+#set_location_assignment PIN_D16 -to led[3]
+#set_location_assignment PIN_F15 -to led[2]
+# set_location_assignment PIN_F16 -to led[1]
+set_location_assignment PIN_G15 -to led
+
+#独立按键
+# set_location_assignment PIN_M16 -to key_in[2]
+# set_location_assignment PIN_M15 -to key_in[1]
+set_location_assignment PIN_E16 -to key_in
+
+#数码管选段
+# set_location_assignment PIN_B7 -to seg_led[0]
+# set_location_assignment PIN_A8 -to seg_led[1]
+# set_location_assignment PIN_A6 -to seg_led[2]
+# set_location_assignment PIN_B5 -to seg_led[3]
+# set_location_assignment PIN_B6 -to seg_led[4]
+# set_location_assignment PIN_A7 -to seg_led[5]
+# set_location_assignment PIN_B8 -to seg_led[6]
+# set_location_assignment PIN_A5 -to seg_led[7]
+
+#数码管片选w·
+# set_location_assignment PIN_A4 -to sel_led[0]
+# set_location_assignment PIN_B4 -to sel_led[1]
+# set_location_assignment PIN_A3 -to sel_led[2]
+# set_location_assignment PIN_B3 -to sel_led[3]
+# set_location_assignment PIN_A2 -to sel_led[4]
+# set_location_assignment PIN_B1 -to sel_led[5]
+
+#ds18b20
+# set_location_assignment PIN_E6 -to dq
+
+#蜂鸣器
+#set_location_assignment PIN_J1 -to buzzer
+
+#SDRAM
+    #地址
+#set_location_assignment PIN_T8    -to addr[0]  
+#set_location_assignment PIN_P9    -to addr[1]
+#set_location_assignment PIN_T9    -to addr[2]
+#set_location_assignment PIN_R9    -to addr[3]
+#set_location_assignment PIN_L16   -to addr[4]
+#set_location_assignment PIN_L15   -to addr[5]
+#set_location_assignment PIN_N16   -to addr[6]
+#set_location_assignment PIN_N15   -to addr[7]
+#set_location_assignment PIN_P16   -to addr[8]
+#set_location_assignment PIN_P15   -to addr[9]
+#set_location_assignment PIN_R8    -to addr[10]
+#set_location_assignment PIN_R16   -to addr[11]
+#set_location_assignment PIN_T15   -to addr[12]
+    
+    #数据
+#set_location_assignment PIN_R5    -to dq[0]
+#set_location_assignment PIN_T4    -to dq[1]
+#set_location_assignment PIN_T3    -to dq[2]
+#set_location_assignment PIN_R3    -to dq[3]
+#set_location_assignment PIN_T2    -to dq[4]
+#set_location_assignment PIN_R1    -to dq[5]
+#set_location_assignment PIN_P2    -to dq[6]
+#set_location_assignment PIN_P1    -to dq[7]
+#set_location_assignment PIN_R13   -to dq[8]
+#set_location_assignment PIN_T13   -to dq[9]
+#set_location_assignment PIN_R12   -to dq[10]
+#set_location_assignment PIN_T12   -to dq[11]
+#set_location_assignment PIN_T10   -to dq[12]
+#set_location_assignment PIN_R10   -to dq[13]
+#set_location_assignment PIN_T11   -to dq[14]
+#set_location_assignment PIN_R11   -to dq[15]
+
+    #bank
+#set_location_assignment PIN_R7   -to bank[0]
+#set_location_assignment PIN_T7   -to bank[1]
+
+    #dqm
+#set_location_assignment PIN_N2    -to dqm[0]
+#set_location_assignment PIN_T14   -to dqm[1]
+    
+    #时钟
+#set_location_assignment PIN_R4    -to sdram_clk
+
+    #控制信号
+#set_location_assignment PIN_R14   -to cke
+#set_location_assignment PIN_T6    -to cs_n
+#set_location_assignment PIN_R6    -to ras_n
+#set_location_assignment PIN_T5    -to cas_n
+#set_location_assignment PIN_N1    -to we_n
+
+
+#flash
+#set_location_assignment PIN_H2    -to miso   
+#set_location_assignment PIN_C1    -to mosi
+#set_location_assignment PIN_H1    -to sclk
+#set_location_assignment PIN_D2    -to cs_n
+
+#EEPROM 
+#set_location_assignment PIN_L2 -to sda
+#set_location_assignment PIN_L1 -to sclk
+
+#VGA
+
+#摄像头
+
+
+
+